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Apa sih Direct and Indirect Speech itu?
Direct dan Indirect Speech itu sendiri adalah bagian dari reported speech yang digunakan untuk mengatakan kembali sesuatu yang telah diucapkan oleh orang lain. Direct speech merupakan ungkapan yang dikutip secara eksplisit. Pada indirect speech, kita mengutarakan kembali apa yang telah disebutkan oleh orang lain dengan mengganti pronoun, tense, dan atau beberapa kata lainnya sehingga kita perlu memperhatikan struktur kalimat dengan baik.
Lalu apa saja kelas kata apa yang digunakan untuk diletakkan di dalam reported speech? Kelas kata utama yang perlu digunakan dalam indirect speech adalah verb seperti say dan tell.
- Jika reported speechterjadi di masa yang sama,
No | Tense | Direct speech | Indirect speech |
1 | Simple present tense | Joanne loves fried chicken | She says (that) she loves fried chicken |
|
| I like butterflies | He tells (that) he likes butterflies |
2 | Present continuous tense | My mom is collecting gem stones
| He is saying (that) her mom is collecting gem stones |
|
| Harper and Ghea are standing upside down | They are telling (that) they are standing upside down |
- Jika reported speechterjadi di masa lalu,
No | Tense | Direct speech | Indirect speech |
1 | Simple present tense | I sell the limited-edition album | She said (that) she sold the limited album |
|
| I open a café in 2020 | He told me (that) he opened a café in 2020 |
2 | Present progressive tense | Keenan is eating green bean soup for breakfast | He said (that) he was eating green bean soup for breakfast |
|
| They are having fun | They told me they were having fun |
3 | Simple past | He saw a bald eagle in the sky | He said (that) he had seen a bald eagle in the sky |
|
| Antony bought a house in the suburb | He told her (that) he had bought a house in the suburb |
4 | Past progressive tense | They were running on the street in the middle of the night | They said they were running on the street in the middle of the night |
|
| I was thinking the same | She told me (that) she was thinking the same |
5 | Present perfect | They haven’t seen Muthia | They said they hadn’t seen Muthia |
|
| I haven’t told them about this case | She told me (that) she hadn’t told them about this case |
6 | Past perfect | She had brought us cakes | She said (that) she had brought us cakes |
|
| We had help from me | They told them (that) they had help from me |
Notes:
- untuk kata “that” dapat digunakan secara opsional karena jika kita pakai atau tidak, arti dan makna dari kalimat tidak akan berubah.
- Jika menggunakan kata kerja “tell”, maka perlu ada penambahan objectsetelah kata kerja tersebut.
- Umumnya, kita tak perlu mengubah tensesdalam kalimat jika informasi yang diberikan masih berlaku dan merupakan sebuah general truth.
Nah, sekarang ayo kita mulai asah kemampuan kamu!
Results
#1. She said to interviewer, “Could you please repeat the question?”
#2. They said to me, “I have often told you not to play with fire.”
#3. The little girl said to her mother, “Did the sun rise in the East?”
#4. The government has announced, “Taxes will be raised”
#5. “Where will you be tomorrow,” I said, “in case I have to ring you?”
#6. “You can’t bathe in this sea,” he said to me, “it’s very rough.”
#7. Suresh asked, ” How long will it take to travel from Germany to South Africa?”
#8. She said, ‘’I have written a prize-winning essay.”
#9. He said to me, “I don’t believe you.”
#10. She said, “Why didn’t you send your application to me?”
Direct and Indirect Speech (51 downloads)
Sources:
Rosmiaty. (2019). Students’ Ability in Using Direct and Indirect Speech of English Department Students at Universitas Indonesia. ELT Worldwide: Journal of English Language Teaching. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Januari 2023, dari https://doi.org/10.26858/eltww.v6i1.10439
Seonaid. Reporting Verbs. Perfect English Grammar. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Januari 2023, dari https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reporting-verbs.html
Seonaid. Reported Speech. Perfect English Grammar. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Januari 2023, dari https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech.html
