Apa sih Direct and Indirect Speech itu?

Direct dan Indirect Speech itu sendiri adalah bagian dari reported speech yang digunakan untuk mengatakan kembali sesuatu yang telah diucapkan oleh orang lain. Direct speech merupakan ungkapan yang dikutip secara eksplisit. Pada indirect speech, kita mengutarakan kembali apa yang telah disebutkan oleh orang lain dengan mengganti pronoun, tense, dan atau beberapa kata lainnya sehingga kita perlu memperhatikan struktur kalimat dengan baik.

Lalu apa saja kelas kata apa yang digunakan untuk diletakkan di dalam reported speech? Kelas kata utama yang perlu digunakan dalam indirect speech adalah verb seperti say dan tell.

  1. Jika reported speechterjadi di masa yang sama,

 

No

Tense

Direct speech

Indirect speech

1

Simple present tense

Joanne loves fried chicken

She says (that) she loves fried chicken

 

 

I like butterflies

He tells (that) he likes butterflies

2

Present continuous tense

My mom is collecting gem stones

 

He is saying (that) her mom is collecting gem stones

 

 

Harper and Ghea are standing upside down

They are telling (that) they are standing upside down

 

  1. Jika reported speechterjadi di masa lalu,

 

No

Tense

Direct speech

Indirect speech

1

Simple present tense

I sell the limited-edition album

She said (that) she sold the limited album

 

 

I open a café in 2020

He told me (that) he opened a café in 2020

2

Present progressive tense

Keenan is eating green bean soup for breakfast

He said (that) he was eating green bean soup for breakfast

 

 

They are having fun

They told me they were having fun

3

Simple past

He saw a bald eagle in the sky

He said (that) he had seen a bald eagle in the sky

 

 

Antony bought a house in the suburb

He told her (that) he had bought a house in the suburb

4

Past progressive tense

They were running on the street in the middle of the night

They said they were running on the street in the middle of the night

 

 

I was thinking the same

She told me (that) she was thinking the same

5

Present perfect

They haven’t seen Muthia

They said they hadn’t seen Muthia

 

 

I haven’t told them about this case

She told me (that) she hadn’t told them about this case

6

Past perfect

She had brought us cakes

She said (that) she had brought us cakes

 

 

We had help from me

They told them (that) they had help from me

 

Notes:

  1. untuk kata “that” dapat digunakan secara opsional karena jika kita pakai atau tidak, arti dan makna dari kalimat tidak akan berubah.
  2. Jika menggunakan kata kerja “tell”, maka perlu ada penambahan objectsetelah kata kerja tersebut.
  3. Umumnya, kita tak perlu mengubah tensesdalam kalimat jika informasi yang diberikan masih berlaku dan merupakan sebuah general truth.

Nah, sekarang ayo kita mulai asah kemampuan kamu!

Results

#1. She said to interviewer, “Could you please repeat the question?”

#2. They said to me, “I have often told you not to play with fire.”

#3. The little girl said to her mother, “Did the sun rise in the East?”

#4. The government has announced, “Taxes will be raised”

#5. “Where will you be tomorrow,” I said, “in case I have to ring you?”

#6. “You can’t bathe in this sea,” he said to me, “it’s very rough.”

#7. Suresh asked, ” How long will it take to travel from Germany to South Africa?”

#8. She said, ‘’I have written a prize-winning essay.”

#9. He said to me, “I don’t believe you.”

#10. She said, “Why didn’t you send your application to me?”

finish

Direct and Indirect Speech (36 downloads)

 

Sources:

Rosmiaty. (2019). Students’ Ability in Using Direct and Indirect Speech of English Department Students at Universitas Indonesia. ELT Worldwide: Journal of English Language Teaching. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Januari 2023, dari https://doi.org/10.26858/eltww.v6i1.10439

Seonaid. Reporting Verbs. Perfect English Grammar. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Januari 2023, dari https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reporting-verbs.html

Seonaid. Reported Speech. Perfect English Grammar. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Januari 2023, dari https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech.html

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